10^th International Conference on Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology November 21- 23, 2016 Dubai, UAE

Biography:

Felipe Soria studied Medicine in the Adventist University in Argentina and did his specialty in Ophthalmology in the Vision Institute of Montemorelos University in Mexico. He made the subspecialties of Cornea, Refractive and Cataract surgery in Vissum Corporation with Dr. Jorge Alio for a period of two years. He has written more than 30 scientific articles and book chapters, and is the Editor of the book Femtosecond Laser Assisted Keratoplasty. He has participated with 40 communications in different international congress across the world. He owns the patent: Use of Mesothelial cells in Tissue Bioengineering and Artificial Tissues.

Abstract:

Purpose: To evaluate whether mouse adipose tissue mesothelial cells (ATMCs) share morphologic and biochemical characteristics with mouse corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and to evaluate their capacity to adhere to the decellularized basal membrane of human anterior lens capsules (HALCs) as a potential tissue-engineered surrogate for corneal endothelium replacement.

Methods: Adipose tissue mesothelial cells were isolated from the visceral adipose tissue of adult mice and their expression of several corneal endothelium markers was determined with quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Adipose tissue mesothelial cells were cultured in a mesothelial retaining phenotype medium (MRPM) and further seeded and cultured on top of the decellularized basal membrane of HALCs. ATMC-HALC composites were evaluated by optical microscopy, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy.

Results: Mesothelial retaining phenotype medium–cultured ATMCs express the corneal endothelium markers COL4A2, COL8A2, SLC4A4, CAR2, sodium- and potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Na./K.-ATPase), b-catenin, zona occludens-1 and N-cadherin in a pattern similar to that in mouse CECs. Furthermore, ATMCs displayed strong adhesion capacity onto the basal membrane of HALCs and formed a confluent monolayer within 72 hours of culture in MRPM. Ultra-structural morphologic and marker characteristics displayed by ATMC monolayer on HALCs clearly indicated that ATMCs retained their original phenotype of squamous epithelial-like cells.

Conclusions: Corneal epithelial cells and ATMCs share morphologic (structural) and marker (functional) similarities. The ATMCs adhered and formed structures mimicking focal adhesion complexes with the HALC basal membrane. Monolayer structure and achieved density of ATMCs support the proposal to use adult human mesothelial cells (MCs) as a possible surrogate for damaged corneal endothelium.

Biography:

Nadim Sradj is an Ophthalmologist and Philosopher. In 1966, he did his MD at the University of Tübingen, Germany; in 1968 he did his MA at the University of Mainz, Germany. He did his postgraduate studies at the Universities of Frankfurt, Main and Gießen, Germany. He has scientific publications and has given lectures in German, English, French and Arabic all over the world. He has participated in many scientific activities in Arabic countries, Argentina, Luxemburg and Russia.

Abstract:

The structural question how the six eye muscles with different insertions on the bulb and different tractive powers do co-operate with each other could not be solved by measurements. Therefore, listing gave an answer by mathematical topology (1845) and demonstrated it by a cardanic suspension. Helmholtz, Hering and others called the abstract hypothesis of listing later on a law. But this so called “law” does not cover all possible eye movements. Our model of a socket joint is a realistic alternative to listing. The consequences will be discussed.

Biography:

Abstract:

32 angiographic examinations of preterm infants with different stages AP-ROP were performed. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was performed by means of retinal pediatric digital video systems RetCam-3 with built-in angiographic unit. The duration of the FA procedure was 2-3 minutes on average. In all cases, the informed consent from parents was obtained. Interpretation of the FA data was conducted in accordance with developed by the author’s clinic-morphometric classification of ROP, providing for division of AP-ROP on different stages, including early clinical stage, manifestation stage and some other stages. No side effect from the injection of fluorescein was shown, in addition to staining of child's urine with yellow color. In fluorescein angiography in cases of AP-ROP at the early clinical stage reperfuse a wide area of the retina due to the complete absence of retinal vessels were identified. The border between vascularized and avascular retina was evident, unlike digital photos, where boundary signs are practically not detected. The absence of a foveal avascular zone was a characteristic feature. In fluorescein angiography in cases of AP-ROP at manifestation stage signs of severe ischemia and proliferative activity were seen foremost. The most important angiographic feature of AP-ROP was a massive loss of retinal capillary bed in the vascularized retina. The main advantage of the FA for AP-ROP is the possibility of detailed visualization of the retinal vasculature, which is not always clearly visible on the digital photographs, obtained using RetCam. It provides improved quality of monitoring and treatment of the patients.

Biography:

Diana Cormos has completed her PhD in 2008 at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” in Cluj Napoca, Romania with the thesis entitled “Screening and Early Treatment in Retinopathy of Prematurity”. During 1998 to 2009 she taught at the Transilvania University School of Medicine in Brasov. She is the Co-Founder of OCUSAN Eye Clinic in Brasov. Her areas of interest are pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, cataract surgery, medical retina and glaucoma.

Abstract:

This presentation emphasizes the particularities of the anti-VEGF treatment in children, highlights the latest results of the studies using the anti-VEGF treatment in the therapy of retinopathy of prematurity and presents the personal experience with the pediatric use of those therapeutic agents.

Biography:

Talal Althomali is an Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and the Vice Dean of Hospital Affairs at Taif University and a Consultant Physician of Pediatric Ophthalmology at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh and King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital, Tertiary and Referral Center in the Western Region, Saudi Arabia. With outstanding educational and research activities, he has excellent experience in surgeries. He is active member of numerous ophthalmology organizations. Actively participated in many ophthalmology meetings including American academy meeting 2014, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons 2014, European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeon 2008-2015, World Congress of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2012 & 2015 and International Ophthalmology Congress 2014, where some of his research was selected to be amongst the top studies.

Abstract:

Amblyopia is one of the leading causes of acquired monocular visual impairment, with an estimated prevalence in the pediatric population ranging from 2.9-7.5%. Younger children, especially those younger than 6 years, with myopic anisometropia greater than 2diopters (D), hyperopic anisometropia greater than 1 D and astigmatic anisometropia greater than 1.5 D are at increased risk to develop persistent and intractable amblyopia without adequate therapy. Previous research has demonstrated that optical correction of astigmatism (i.e., restoration of normal visual input) can be an effective means of treatment for anisometropic amblyopia with astigmatism during early childhood. Unless amblyopia is successfully treated in early childhood, it usually persists into adulthood, significantly increasing the risk of permanent visual impairment. In children with high refractive errors, spectacle correction may not be the most desirable medical therapeutic option due to induction of anisoikonia and potential loss of binocular fusion. Therefore, contact lens wear is the optimal method of medical treatment for high ametropic amblyopia. However, some children resist contact lens wear and both parents and children find the placement of contact lenses to be difficult and distressing .With the availability of toric PIOLs to correct preexisting astigmatism, it is now possible to target emmetropia and achieve a much higher level of spectacle independence in astigmatic patients. Patients with high anisometropic amblyopia with astigmatism could certainly benefit from toric PIOL implantation. To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the outcomes of the implantation of toric PIOLs in children with anisometropic amblyopia with astigmatism. Eleven eyes of 10 amblyopic patients aged 5 to 15 years underwent toric PIOL (Visian Toric ICL; STAAR Surgical Company, Monrovia, CA) implantation for refractory anisometropic amblyopia. Preoperative and postoperative clinical evaluation included slit-lamp microscopy, visual acuity, anterior/posterior segment examination and cycloplegic refraction. Toric PIOL implantation may be a viable therapeutic modality in children with clinically significant anisometropic ametropia and astigmatism with secondary amblyopia that have been refractory to medical treatment including spectacles or contact lenses. Longer follow-up visits with larger sample populations will evaluate more effectively the long-term efficacy and late-onset of complication.

Biography:

Najeeb Ghalib Haykal is trained in Cairo University and UK hospitals and is currently working as a Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon at Gwynedd Hospital, North Wales and had previously been a Consultant Ophthalmologist in UK and overseas hospitals. He was also an Assistant Professor in Ophthalmology at the Jordan University of Science & Technology and a Coordinator and Member of the Assessment Committee, International Council of Ophthalmology, UK.

Abstract:

Reduced tolerance to light stimuli, a frequent symptom in ophthalmology and other specialties, has different causes. The commonest and more severe are anterior ocular segment conditions, but other ocular and extra-ocular ophthalmic conditions can be behind the symptom. Furthermore various neurological and psychiatric conditions are known to be associated with photophobia. More interesting is the different mechanisms behind this symptom. Unclear mechanism in many conditions is getting slowly clearer while more clear mechanisms can be more easily understood in other conditions. Treatment is essentially treating the underlying cause as well as avoiding the direct trigger of the symptom. Other treatments are only applicable in certain conditions or still experimental.

Biography:

Pepin Williams Atipo Tsiba has completed his PhD from Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville and Post-doctoral study in Switzerland. He has obtained the Federal Ophthalmology title from the Swiss Medical Federation (FMH) and the FEBO (Fellow European Board of Ophthalmology) title in 2005. He is an Assistant Professor in Ophthalmology at Marien Ngouabi University of Brazzaville. He is the Head of Ophthalmology Department at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. He has published over 20 articles in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Usher's syndrome is defined by the association of congenital sensorineural hearing loss of variable severity scalable or not and retinitis pigmentosa gradually blinding. There are three clinical types according to vestibular dysfunction and degree of hearing loss. Type II we are interested in this presentation is controlled by a gene locus D1S81 the long arm of chromosome 1. In this form, unlike the other two, the acquisition of language is possible and retinitis pigmentosa appears later. This retinitis is progressive and becomes very disabling around the age of 30 years. Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant disease. There are two types. Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis described in this work is the type I. It represents about 90% of clinical forms and is due to an abnormality on chromosome 17. It’s most common ocular disorders are represented by iris nodules of Lisch, plexiform neuroma of the upper eyelid, the optic glioma. The coexistence of both diseases in the same person is exceptional; we found no cases in the literature. This observation brings a unique combination of Usher's syndrome and Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis in a man, aged 40 native of Mauritania born of consanguineous union.

Biography:

Eriko Sugano has worked as a Researcher in Tohoku University School of Medicine in Japan and received PhD from Tohoku University in Life science. She has worked as an Instructor in Biomedical Engineering Research Organization and International Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University. She is the Associate Professor of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Iwate University. She has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

We designed a modified channelrhodopsin-1 (mVChR1) protein chimera, which has a broader, red-shifted action spectrum than that of Chlamydomonas channelrhodopsin-2. We previously reported that its transduction into retinal ganglion cells could restore visual function in genetically blind rats with photostimuli ranging from 486 to 640 nm. However, it has the possibility that mVChR1-mediated gene therapy causes some adverse effects such as immune response because of the use of the non-human gene. To investigate the safety and influence of mVChR1 transgene expression, adeno-associated virus type-2 encoding mVChR1 was administered by intra-vitreous injection into genetically blind rats. Reverse-transcription PCR was used to monitor transgene dissemination to non-targeted organs and the results demonstrated that their expression was restricted specifically within the eye tissues. Moreover, no excess immunoreactivity was present in standard clinical hematological parameters of plasma and serum. Serum antibodies targeting the recombinant adeno associated virus (rAAV) capsid increased after the injection; however, no increase in mVChR1 antibody was detected during for 10 months after the injection. In addition, retinal histological examination showed no signs of inflammation in rAAV-injected rats. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that mVChR1 can be exogenously expressed without harmful immunological reactions in vivo. These findings will help the optogenetic approach for restoration of vision in late-stage retinitis pigmentosa.

Biography:

Aman Khanna has completed his MBBS from Maharashtra University of Health Sciences in 2011 and then completed his MS Ophthalmology from D.Y. Patil Medical College, India, Pune in 2015. He has published 3 articles and oral papers and poster in All India Ophthalmology Society Conference and various state level conferences.

Abstract:

Purpose: To study the efficacy and compare the outcome of various techniques used for surgical management of pterygium with conjunctival autograft.

Methods: Retrospective, comparative study of 300 patients undergoing primary pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft using 3 techniques. Patients randomly divided into 3 groups of 100 patients each. Patients were evaluated on 1, 7 and 30 day for inflammation, edema and graft stability, whereas, evaluation was made at 3, 6 and 9 month for recurrence. In group A 8-0 vicryl suture, group B fibrin glue and group C no suture no glue technique was used.

Result: In Group A, 84 out of 100 patients had inflammation, 16 had edema and graft was stable in all cases on post-op day 1. In Group B, 2 out of 100 had inflammation, 1 had edema on post- op day 1. In Group C, 1 out of 100 had inflammation and none had edema on day one. Evaluation made for same on day 7 and 30. At 6 months, 14 patients in group A showed recurrence, whereas, 6 in group B and 4 in group C, similar results observed at 9 month.

Conclusion: Study revealed significant reduction in inflammation and edema in group B and C, as compared to group A and similar results when compared on day 7 and 30. Recurrence also was higher in Group A at 6 and 9 month.

Biography:

Ravi Kumar Chukka has completed his Diploma in Ophthalmic Assistant at Kakatiya Medical College, Community Eye Health (ICARE-LVPEI) and COSMEC (LAICO- MADURAI). He has obtained his Master’s in Community Eye Health (ICARE-UNSW- Australia) and MA in Public Administration. He also did PGDCA and LLB. He has been working as an Ophthalmology Officer since last 20 years in Government Medical & Health Department. He has received a State Award in 2008 and Best Research Study Award in International Symposium on Community Ophthalmology at Kolkata in the year 2010. He has also received two national level awards. He serves as a Member of Indian Association of Community Ophthalmology, Lions Club of Bellampally, Coordinator of Lions Eye Hospital Bellampally and Regional Secretary State Ophthalmic Officer’s Association.

Abstract:

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that impairs the affected individuals in many ways.

Methodology: 184 leprosy patients were recruited for this study from the leprosy treatment cell and 82% of them were examined.

Results: Out of 184 leprosy patients 150 cases (82%) had complete examination, out of which 72 (48%) were females. 72 (48%) persons had multi-bacillus leprosy and the rest had Pausi bacillus leprosy. 19(14%) of the subjects had organ deformities. 76(51%) subjects had eye problems requiring intervention and among this 12(16%) subjects had ocular problems caused by leprosy. Only 26(17%) of the subjects had previously accessed eye care services. Moderate visual impairment was observed in 39(26%) cases without correction and the vision level improved with correction in 20(51%) cases. Blindness related to leprosy was seen 5(3.3%) patients.

Conclusion: Ocular involvement was seen in 8% of leprosy patients. Early referral of leprosy patients with eye problems will reduce the prevalence of blindness in leprosy patients.

Biography:

Vineet Ratra specializes in Cataract and Glaucoma sub-specialties. He did his Post graduation in Ophthalmology from Sankara Nethralaya and obtained Fellowship from the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh in 2000. He is currently a Senior Consultant at Sankara Nethralaya. He is an acclaimed Academician and has mentored many postdoctoral fellows. He has nearly 20 publications in peer reviewed journals. He has served on the Editorial Board of the Asia Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology and is a Reviewer of the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, the Asia Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology and the Eye journal.

Abstract:

Post-operative endophthalmitis is a dreaded and feared complication. It can result in profound loss of vision and can have medicolegal implications. Proper attention towards elimination of the risk factors for post-operative endophthalmitis makes the surgery safer to the patient and rewarding to the surgeon. The common organisms causing endophthalmitis are mainly the commensals. However, variation has been noted by different studies from different geographic regions. A detailed discussion on prevention of endophthalmitis will be presented. Critical analysis of the ESCRS study, preferred practice patterns among surgeons, the world over will be discussed. How beneficial is the current practice of intracameral injection of cefuroxime or moxifloxacin at the end of cataract surgery? Pros and cons of intracameral prophylaxis will be discussed.

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: Saudi Arabia is considered as the seventh highest rate in the world in terms of diabetes incidence with about 3.4 million people having been diagnosed with diabetes in 2015. The recent estimate of the disease showed that 24.4% of the adult population is suffering from DM.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate among diabetic population of Riyadh region of KSA their awareness, attitude and practices towards this disease and to provide the participants more knowledge for its complications.

Materials & Methods: Observational cross sectional survey conducted among Saudi population aged 12 years and over who attended diabetic clinic in King Faisal Specialist Hospital in Riyadh (KFSH&RC), Saudi Arabia during October 2016. 59 patients were interviewed to answer a questionnaire which included the demographic profile of the patients, details of their diabetes and awareness of its complications on eye health.

Results: Age of the patients ranged from 13- 88 years with an average duration of diabetes is 8 years. Out of 59 patients, 44% of the patients were from rural areas, 50% were males, 39% had secondary education, 33% were graduates and above and only 18% of the patients had their eyes never been checked in the last 12 months. The awareness of complications of diabetes on eye health among the Saudi population recruited in our study was detected in 83% of the patients. In addition to 82% of the patient have a regular eye exam.

Conclusion: In our study, although 44% of the patients were from rural areas and 33% were graduates, 82% of the participants were aware that diabetes can affect the eyes indicating that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia had achieved a notable economic growth and improvement in life quality.