Track 01: Clinical Ophthalmology

Clinical ophthalmology indicates the duties of the practitioner in an eye clinic and also covers the broad spectrum of research, from side to bench, and plays a crucial role in screening, diagnosis and therapy to treat eye diseases. There are various common eye problems that need to be treated in the same day and therefore can be treated with community ophthalmology so that you can be treated close to where you live or work rather than in the hospital.

Track 02: Optometry

The field of optometry began with the primary objective of correcting refractive error through the designing optical systems to meet required specifications, and quantitatively assessing the nature and quality of optical images. Optometrists prescribe and provide glasses, contact lenses, and other optical aids that correct the focus of the eyes and also examine the eyes for conditions such as glaucoma and cataracts. Additionally, optometrists advise people on the correct use and maintenance of the eyes, oversee exercise and training programs designed to treat vision problems, and help rehabilitate patients who have low or severe vision restraint.

Track 03: Cataract and Refractive Surgery

There are different surgical methods to change the eye's centering ability by reshaping the cornea, or a clear round arch in the front of the eye. Different techniques include the integration of a focal point inside the eye. The most commonly performed type of refractive surgery is LASIK (laser-assisted keratomileusis in situ), where a laser is used to reshape the cornea. For people with myopia, some refractive surgery systems will decrease the curvature of a cornea that is too stiff so that the centering power of the eye is reduced. Images that are engaged before the retina, due to a more stretched eye or a deeper corneal curvature, are brought closer or specifically on the retina after surgery. Images that are blocked beyond the retina, due to a short eye or level cornea, will be close together or especially on the retina after surgery.

Track 04: Nano Ophthalmology

In ophthalmology, nanotechnologies aim to develop and apply new methods of early detection and treatment of eye diseases. Nanotechnology is the science that studies the phenomena of the infinitely small. Today, the term is open to all studies relating to molecular and atomic phenomena: one nanometer (nm) is equivalent to one millionth of a millimeter (mm).

Track 05: Oculoplastic Surgery

Oculoplasty, also known as ophthalmic plastic surgery, is surgery in connection with the eye and its surrounding structures. Oculoplasty may be done to improve function, comfort, and appearance of the following conditions: tear drainage problems, eyelid misalignment, eyelid skin cancer, eye socket (eye socket) problems and eyebrow problems. Blepharoplasty and eyelid ptosis surgery, known as a lid lift, brow lift surgery, lower eyelid repositioning surgery, reconstruction after skin cancer surgery, orbital fracture evaluation and repair, orbital tumor surgery, cosmetic surgery of the upper and lower eyelids, cosmetic facelift surgery, injectable and facial fillers are the most common oculoplastic procedures.

Track 06: Optic Neuritis and Treatment

Optic neuritis occurs when the swelling damages the optic nerve. Pain with eye movement and temporary vision loss in one eye are the common symptoms of optic neuritis. The signs and symptoms of optic neuritis may be the first indication of multiple sclerosis (MS), or they may appear later in MS. MS is a disease that causes inflammation and damage to the nerves in the brain as well as the optic nerve. The exact cause of optic neuritis is unknown. It is thought to develop when the immune system mistakenly targets the substance covering your optic nerve, resulting in inflammation and damage to myelin.

Track 07: Retinal and eye disorders

The retina is a layer of tissue at the back of your eye that senses light and sends images to your brain. At the center of this nerve tissue is the macula. It provides the crisp, central vision you need to read, drive and see the smallest details. Retinal disorders affect this vital tissue. They can affect your vision, and some can be serious enough to cause blindness. Macular degeneration, diabetic eye disease, retinal detachment, retinoblastoma, macular pucker, macular hole and floaters are some of the examples.

Track 08: Glaucoma and Physiological Optics

Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders in which the apparent gray-green color of the eye suffers from an attack of acute angle-closure glaucoma. Several pathologists have characterized diseases resulting from increased intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is generally classified into two main categories such as open angle and angle of closure. Open-angle glaucoma is less painful and does not have any of the symptoms as the disease progresses. Closed angle or closed angle have symptoms such as redness of eyes, nausea, vomiting.

Track 09: Pediatric Optometry and Iris Disorders

Pediatric optometry deals with eye problems related to children. Examining children for vision and its related aspects may be impossible for an optometrist in one visit to complete all of the tests. Younger children 3-4 months are screened for vision problems using kneeling-to-watch cards, 1-3 years using Cardiff cards, 2.5-4 years old Kay's cluttered picture help for picture matching and over 4 years old using crowded MAR newspaper, sonksen money to name or match cluttered letters.

Track 10: Vitreous and Ophthalmic Epidemiology

Lazy eye, also known as amblyopia, occurs when an eye grows poorly. The vision is weak in this eye and it moves slowly. Using corrective glasses or contact lenses can correct it. It can occur in infants, children and adults. Dry eyes are a condition when there is a chronic lack of lubrication and moisture on the surface of the eye. The consequences of dry eye range from a subtle but constant eye irritation to extensive inflammation and even scarring of the front surface of the eye. symptoms of dry eye include: burning sensation, itchy eyes, photophobia, body aches, blurred vision.

Track 11: Diabetic Retinopathy and Diagnosis Research

Diabetic retinopathy is a disease of the retina caused by diabetes. This can lead to poor vision and subsequently to complete blindness. The blood vessels in the eye weaken and blood flows to the center of the eye causing blurred vision. This is a physical disruption in the center of the retina known as the macula. It is of two types: dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration. The causes of age-related macular degeneration can be age, smoking, diet, sun exposure, high blood pressure.

Track 12: Ophthalmic Case Studies and Novel Approach

In a small randomized controlled trial, aqueous tear production and goblet cell secretion increased after application of the Oculeve intranasal tear neurostimulator (Allergan). This hand-held device works by delivering electrical stimulation to the anterior ethmoidal branch of the nerve trigeminal caries in the nose. It potentially offers a new mechanism for treating dry eye, now largely managed with artificial tears and anti-inflammatory agents in tears and are essential for maintaining the health and stability of tears.

Track 13: Cornea and Corneal diseases

The cornea is the transparent outer part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and front chamber. The cornea, along with the front chamber and lens, refracts light, with the cornea accounting for approximately 66% of the eye's overall optical force. Corneal diseases, for example, corneal ulceration, epithelial keratitis and drug-induced epithelial keratitis, corneal degeneration, repetitive corneal decay and different corneal problems can influence the cornea and finally cause the external eye disease which could lead to lifelong visual impairment.

Due to an increasingly aging population and its subsequent impact on the eye care industry, the global ophthalmology market is growing. Due to the increasing number of people suffering from eye disorders, there will be an increasing demand for surgical, diagnostic and vision care devices. It is expected to grow by USD 13.03 billion during the period 2020-2024.

Ophthalmic diseases like cataracts and glaucoma’s increasing prevalence is a key factor that is significantly boosting the growth of the global ophthalmic devices market. In addition, increased penetration of digital devices, including laptops, smartphones and computers, e-readers; rapid technological advances such as the introduction of intraocular lenses (IOL); and the emphasis on educating clients and educating eye care professionals about eye diseases and associated complications are particularly contributing to the growth of the global market. However, low awareness of eye related diseases and shortage of skilled professionals are expected to hamper the growth of the market. On the contrary, emerging countries such as China and India have high growth potential, due to the improvement of health infrastructure in these countries.

The vision care device segment is divided into contact lenses and eyeglass lenses. The contact lens segment is expected to grow at the highest CAGR of 3.9% from 2020 to 2027. This is attributed to the increase in the preference for contact lenses over prescription glasses, due to changes in lifestyle and increasing demand for innovative lenses.

Regionally, the Ophthalmic Appliances market is analyzed North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA. The North American ophthalmic device market accounted for the largest share in 2019; however, Asia-Pacific is expected to register the highest CAGR of 4.6% throughout the forecast period. Diabetic retinopathy is expected to be the leading cause of blindness in the United States, according to the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention. From 2010 to 2050, the number of Americans with diabetic retinopathy is expected to nearly double, from 7.7 million to 14.6 million. Glaucoma further contributes to vision loss and blindness.